In 1970s, West Africa witnessed an end to the colonial rule and saw the emergence of 16 countries with divergent colonial ties, weak economic base and fragile political bases but remained divided along different linguistic ties and depended on foreign aids for their development. The economic cooperation and development were considered as priority for the member states in the region. ECOWAS was originated on 28 May 1975 to foster economic development and unity in the region but its accomplishment of objective was hindered by challenges of insecurity hence ECOWAS Revised Treaty of 1993 incorporated security cooperation and followed with adoption of various security protocols. ECOWAS initially view the Boko Haram conflict as domestic problem but the spread of its activities across the border later called for concerns. This are the reason behind the called for action because ECOWAS organization seems to turn blind eye on the Boko Haram conflict. The organization only condemned the Boko Haram activities but failed to mobilize and intervened like the case of Liberia and Sierra Leone conflicts. Hence, this research study desire to contribute to the search of improving ECOWAS diplomacy in conflict management capacity to enhance regional security. Consequently, the study was based on descriptive research which integrated both quantitative and qualitative data. The research findings revealed the failure of ECOWAS diplomacy in conflict management to effectively avert political conflicts and military coups in West Africa. The identified challenges were spate of current conflicts in West Africa, security cooperation, mechanism framework, political divide, among others. The prospects are good democratic governance, adequate political will and commitment, adequate unding
and cooperation and reactivation ESF. It is recommended that ECOWAS Commission should formulate sanctions that is targeted at the leadership which disrespect ECOWAS principles and lack commitments to its course. Generally, the research study will contribute to knowledge as long as valuable insights on the practicability of ECOWAS diplomacy in conflict management to enhance regional security in West Africa.